Demand & Supply Model¶
The e-mobility ecosystem follows a provider–consumer handshake. Each stakeholder BUFM defines both the quantity of service it can provide/consume and the price at which buy/sell transactions occur. This document captures the shared terminology and flow.
Provider–Consumer Roles¶
| Provider | Consumer | Service | Buy/Sell Language |
|---|---|---|---|
| Battery Asset (BF_) | Rider / Vehicle Owner (VW_) | Energy + swap availability (kWh/day) | BF_ sells kWh at vw_elec_price; VW_ books matching expense |
| Swap Network (SN_) | Battery Asset (BF_) | Housing/charging capacity (bays, kWh/day) | SN_ sells rack/energy services at sn_elec_price_to_bf; BF_ books bf_sn_service_rate |
| Power Generator (PG_) | Swap Network (SN_) | Grid power (kWh) | PG_ sells wholesale energy at sn_pg_facility_rate; SN_ books cost |
Each BUFM exposes:
- Provided quantity: maximum kWh, swaps, bays, or monetary value delivered per day.
- Consumed quantity: required input from upstream providers.
- Unit price: buy/sell pair that keeps revenue and cost synchronized.
Demand–Supply Ratios¶
To keep BUFMs aligned, we track a population model:
- Provider population: number of assets/stations/generators available.
- Consumer population: number of riders, batteries, or stations demanding service.
- Demand–Supply ratio:
consumer_demand / provider_capacity. Ratios > 1 indicate shortages; ratios < 1 indicate idle capacity.
Workflow¶
- Quantify consumer demand – e.g., riders require
dist_daykm →elec_energy_daykWh. - Translate to provider requirements – energy demand drives the number of batteries (
bf_fleet_size) and swap bays (sn_total_bays). - Check ratio thresholds – define acceptable ranges (e.g., 0.9–1.1) to decide if capacity matches demand.
- Adjust pricing or capacity – if providers are over-utilized, increase investment (more batteries/stations) or raise prices; if under-utilized, reduce CapEx or lower prices to attract demand.
Using This Model¶
- Workbook Tabs: Each BUFM tab includes named ranges for both provided and consumed quantities. Use these ranges to build cross-tab formulas that compute demand–supply ratios.
- Scenario Planning: Store population assumptions (number of riders, fleets, stations) in shared parameters so every BUFM references the same counts.
- Documentation: When describing a model, explicitly state what it provides, what it consumes, and how the buy/sell relationship with upstream/downstream stakeholders is modeled.
This provider–consumer discipline keeps the ecosystem modular yet coupled: independent BUFMs stay accurate on their own, and the demand–supply layer ensures they interoperate without hidden assumptions.